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Objective:To explore the relative importance of palliative care knowledge, attitude towards palliative care and healthy work environment of emergency care nurses in predicting perceived self-competence in palliative care based on dominance analysis, and to provide empirical evidence for formulating the optimal training course to improve perceived self-competence in palliative care.Methods:Totally 415 emergency care nurses from 22 tertiary hospitals in Hubei province were conducted a cross-sectional survey to complete the general information questionnaire, the Palliative Care Nursing Self-Competence Scale, the Hospice Knowledge Quiz for Nurses, the Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying Scale Form B, and the American Association of Critical Care Nurses Healthy Work Environment Assessment Tool from January to March 2021 using convenient sampling method. Dominance analysis was used for statistical analysis.Results:The total score of perceived self-competence in palliative care of 415 emergency care nurses was (225.48 ± 60.61) points, the total score of palliative care knowledge was (12.44 ± 3.83) points, the total score of palliative care attitude was (97.35 ± 9.07) points and the total score of healthy work environment was (72.00 ± 11.99) points. Perceived self-competence in palliative care was positively associated with palliative care knowledge ( r=0.181, P < 0.01), attitude towards palliative care ( r=0.232, P<0.01) and healthy work environment ( r=0.393, P<0.01). Dominance analysis revealed that the healthy work environment, palliative care attitude and palliative care knowledge accounted for 74.15%, 14.97% and 10.88% of the variance of perceived self-competence in palliative care, respectively. Conclusions:The largest degree of prediction for emergency care nurses′ perceived self-competence in palliative care is healthy work environment, attitude next and the third is knowledge. It suggests that promoting a healthy work environment is an important way to improve nurses′ perceived self-competence in palliative care, and improving knowledge level and cultivating positive attitudes also will be better.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of oral dydrogesterone alone for luteal phase support in natural cycle frozen-thawed embryo transfer （NC-FET）. MethodsThe clinical data of 1 530 NC-FET cycles enrolled in our Reproductive Center from January 2019 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different luteal support protocols， the patients were divided into oral dydrogesterone alone （group A， n=524）， vaginal progesterone soft capsules （group B， n=401） and vaginal progesterone soft capsules combined with dydrogesterone （group C， n=605）. The clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness ratio were compared among the three groups. The primary outcome was live birth rate. ResultsThe live birth rate was 43.13% （226/524） in group A， 39.15% （157/401） in group B， and 42.64% （258/605） in group C. There was no statistical difference among the three groups （P > 0.05）. No statistical difference was observed in the HCG positive rate， implantation rate， biochemical pregnancy rate， clinical pregnancy rate， spontaneous miscarriage rate， ectopic pregnancy rate， twin delivery rate， premature delivery rate and newborn weight among the three groups （P>0.05）. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the three luteal support regimens did not affect live birth rate. Pharmacoeconomic analysis showed that taking group B as a reference， the cost increased by 19 227.30 yuan for every 1% increase in live birth rate in group A. ConclusionsIn NC-FET cycle， oral dydrogesterone alone can achieve the same clinical outcomes as vaginal progesterone soft capsules and vaginal progesterone soft capsules combined with dydrogesterone. Compared with that of progesterone soft capsules， the cost of oral dydrogesterone alone is increased， a large sample and multicenter prospective study is needed to further confirm our results.
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Objective:To investigate the status and influencing factors of activities of daily living (ADL), anxiety and depression of the community-dwelling elderly, and to explore the mediating effect of social support and social participation on ADL, anxiety and depression.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted from July to October 2022, among 637 residents over 60 years old registered in the Community Health Service Center of Taiyuan Economic and Technological Development Zone selected by simple random sampling method. The general information questionnaire, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale, Anxiety Self-assessment Scale, Depression Self-assessment Scale, Social Support Scale, and Social Participation Scale were used in the survey. The dichotomous logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of disability, anxiety, and depression of the elderly. Structural equation modeling was used to verify the mediating effects of social participation and social support on the ADL and mental health status in the elderly.Results:The disability rate of the elderly in the community was 42.9%(258/602). Age( OR=2.87-4.91), acute disease attack in the last three months( OR=2.03),poor economic status( OR=2.39), impaired social participation ability( OR=4.07, 11.75) and low level of social support( OR=2.37) were risk factors for disability of the elderly in the community. The incidence of anxiety symptoms was 22.7%(137/602). The risk factors of anxiety were having more than one chronic disease ( OR=2.24), poor economic status ( OR=2.27), mild and intermediate impairment of social participation ability( OR=6.97, 180.43)and low level of social support( OR=2.04). The incidence of depressive symptoms was 19.4%(117/602). The risk factors of depression were acute disease attack in the past three months ( OR=1.90), loneliness in the past three months ( OR=2.17), impaired social participation ( OR=4.17) and low level of social support ( OR=3.90). The direct effect of ADL on mental health was 0.204 (Bootstrap 95% CI:0.081-0.330), accounting for 34.58% of the total effect. The mediating effects of social participation and social support on ADL and mental health were 0.343 (Bootstrap 95% CI:0.274-0.418) and 0.042 (Bootstrap 95% CI:0.015-0.075) respectively, accounting for 58.13% and 7.12% of the total effect. Conclusions:Social support and social participation are not only the common influencing factors of ADL, anxiety and depression of the community-dwelling elderly, but also have a mediating effect on ADL and mental health. Promoting the social participation of the community-dwelling elderly and increasing social support can improve both ADL and mental health for them.
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Frailty is a nonspecific state with the decline of physiological reserve leading to the increased vulnerability and decreased anti-stress ability in the elderly. Frailty can cause cognitive impairment and physical function decline, and increase the risk of a series of adverse events such as hospitalization, disability and death in the elderly. Studies have shown that early intervention can reverse debilitating condition; therefore, early and timely intervention of frailty has important practical significance for improving the health status of the elderly and reducing the pressure on the medical system. This article reviews frailty interventions and their effects in the elderly, including sports intervention, nutrition intervention, drug intervention and integrated intervention, focusing on the research progress of frailty intervention, to provide reference for clinical management of frailty in the community-dwelling elderly.
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Objective:To investigate the levels of knowledge, attitudes and practice of general practitioners on potentially inappropriate medication(PIM)in the elders in Shanxi Province and to explore its relevant factors.Methods:A cross-sectional survey on knowledge, attitudes and practice of general practitioners on PIM in the elders was conducted from January to February 2021. A self-designed questionnaire was used for the survey, which included the basic information of general practitioners and the knowledge, attitudes and practice of elderly PIM. The convenient sampling method was used to select 16 primary, secondary and tertiary hospitals from the general practice alliance units in Shanxi Province, and 257 general practitioners in the selected hospital were recruited as the research objects. The related factors were investigated by univariate regression and multiple stepwise linear regression analyses.Results:A total of 257 questionnaires were distributed, and 248 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective rate of 96.5%. The scores of elderly PIM knowledge, attitudes and behavior of 248 general practitioners were (31.4±9.2), (32.9±4.6) and (34.9±8.3), respectively, with the scoring rates of 62.8% (31.4/50.0), 82.3% (32.9/40.0) and 69.8% (34.9/50.0). The total score was (99.2±16.3), and the total score rate was 70.9% (99.2/140.0). There was a statistically significant difference in the total score of elderly PIM knowledge, attitudes and practice among general practitioners with different educational background, work units, professional title, awareness level of PIM and needs for PIM training( F=6.14,4.39 and 5.38, t=2.97 and 2.62, all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that general practitioners with undergraduate and graduate education and higher professional titles had better knowledge, attitudes and practice of PIM ( t=2.69, 2.98 and 2.36, all P<0.05), and general practitioners without knowledge of PIM and no needs for PIM training had worse knowledge, attitudes and practice of PIM ( t=-2.96 and -2.09, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The knowledge, attitudes and behavior intervention of general practitioners on elderly PIM needs to be improved. It is necessary to strengthen the elderly PIM knowledge and skill training for general practitioners with low educational background, lower professional titles without awareness and training of PIM.
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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common head and neck malignant tumor with high incidence in southern China. Local recurrence is one of the main failure modes of locally advanced NPC. The dose-escalation after radical radiotherapy for locally advanced NPC remains controversial. In the era of modern radiotherapy, the mainstream treatment mode of locally advanced NPC is neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy. There is no consensus on whether to prescribe dose-escalation, how and when to conduct dose-escalation, how much dose to prescribe for patients with residual lesion proved by MRI or pathology. How to accurately determine the target volume and dose / fraction to maximize the local control of the tumor are the directions of clinical practice for locally advanced NPC, which remain to be further studied.
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@#Objective - To establish a new non exposed intratracheal instillation method for establishing a rat silicosis model. Methods ， The specific pathogen free SD rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group with ten rats in ， each group. Rats in the control group were given 1.0 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride solution and rats in the experimental group - were given 1.0 mL of silica suspension with a mass concentration of 50 g/L adopting to the one time intratracheal instillation ， - ， method and then followed by ventilator assisted ventilation immediately. When the tidal volume stabilized at 2.0 mL the ventilator was removed and the tracheal intubation was pulled out. Five rats in each group were sacrificed after two and four ， - Results weeks after modeling and hematoxylin eosin staining and Masson staining of lung tissue were performed. There was ， ， no death in the two groups of rats during the experiment. After two and four weeks the control group had normal lung structure ， ， ， normal alveolar cavity size no inflammatory cell infiltration thin alveolar wall only a small amount of collagen distribution ， around the lung interstitium and bronchus. At the second week of modeling the alveolar wall of the rats in the experimental ， ， ， group was slightly thickened interstitial lymphocytes and macrophages were infiltrated slight hyperplasia was found and a ， small amount of fibroblasts were visible. At the 4th week of modeling the alveolar wall of the rats in the experimental group was ， ， ， ， significantly thickened fibrous nodules were formed and fibroblasts fibrocytes collagen fibers were significantly increased. Conclusion - The combination of ventilator and non exposed intratracheal instillation method can be used to successfully ， ， . establish a rat silicosis model which is simple safe and effective
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Objective: To explore the heterogeneity and correlation of clinical phenotypes and genotypes in children with disorders of sex development (DSD). Methods: A retrospective study of 1 235 patients with clinically proposed DSD in 36 pediatric medical institutions across the country from January 2017 to May 2021. After capturing 277 DSD-related candidate genes, second-generation sequencing was performed to analyzed the heterogeneity and correlation combined with clinical phenotypes. Results: Among 1 235 children with clinically proposed DSD, 980 were males and 255 were females of social gender at the time of initial diagnosis with the age ranged from 1 day of age to 17.92 years. A total of 443 children with pathogenic variants were detected through molecular genetic studies, with a positive detection rate of 35.9%. The most common clinical phenotypes were micropenis (455 cases), hypospadias (321 cases), and cryptorchidism (172 cases) and common mutations detected were in SRD5A2 gene (80 cases), AR gene (53 cases) and CYP21A2 gene (44 cases). Among them, the SRD5A2 mutation is the most common in children with simple micropenis and simple hypospadias, while the AMH mutation is the most common in children with simple cryptorchidism. Conclusions: The SRD5A2 mutation is the most common genetic variant in Chinese children with DSD, and micropenis, cryptorchidism, and hypospadias are the most common clinical phenotypes. Molecular diagnosis can provide clues about the biological basis of DSD, and can also guide clinicians to perform specific clinical examinations. Target sequence capture probes and next-generation sequencing technology can provide effective and economical genetic diagnosis for children with DSD.
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Child , Female , Humans , Male , 3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase/genetics , China/epidemiology , Cryptorchidism/genetics , Disorders of Sex Development/genetics , Genital Diseases, Male , Genotype , Hypospadias/genetics , Membrane Proteins/genetics , Penis/abnormalities , Phenotype , Retrospective Studies , Steroid 21-Hydroxylase/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the changes of thyroid hormone level in children with type 1 diabetic mellitus (T1DM) complicated with ketoacidosis.Methods:Sixty-seven children with acute T1DM and ketoacidosis admitted in Department of Endocrinology, Shanxi Children′s Hospital from December 2017 to December 2020 were enrolled as acidosis group; and 44 T1DM children without ketoacidosis at admission served as control group. According to blood gas analysis, in acidosis patients there were 22 cases in mild group (pH<7.3), 16 cases in moderate group (pH<7.2) and 29 cases in severe group (pH<7.1). Serum levels of triiodothyronine (T 3), thyroxine (T 4), free T 3(FT 3), free T 4(FT 4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured in all patients at admission and recovery, retrospectively. Patients in the acidosis group at acute stage were treated with balanced fluid infusion, insulin infusion and eritone. Results:The serum levels of T 3 [0.48(0.19, 0.67)nmol/L vs. 0.97(0.74, 1.18)nmol/L, Z=-5.97, P<0.001], T 4 [(49.99±26.06) nmol/L vs. (73.48±23.32)nmol/L, t=4.68, P<0.001], FT 3 [1.80(1.24, 2.51) pmol/L vs. 3.31(2.56, 3.98) pmol/L, Z=-6.15, P<0.001], FT 4 [9.74 (7.21, 12.85)pmol/L vs. 14.54 (11.29, 16.75)pmol/L, Z=-5.23, P<0.001] and TSH [0.86(0.31, 1.81) mIU/L vs. 1.92(1.01, 3.56)mIU/L, Z=-4.19, P<0.001] in acidosis group at acute stage were significantly lower than those in the control group. In acidosis group at recovery stage serum levels of T 3 [1.58 (1.25, 1.86)nmol/L], T 4 [(92.52±27.03) nmol/L], FT 3 [5.03(4.15, 5.78) pmol/L], FT 4 [15.94 (14.40, 18.38)pmol/L], and TSH [2.21(1.58, 3.16)mIU/L] were significantly higher than those at acute stage ( Z=-6.96, t=-11.34, Z=-7.00, Z=-6.39, Z=-5.28,all P<0.001). There was an decreasing trend of T 3 and FT 3 levels from mild group [0.60 (0.47, 0.78)nmol/L, 2.20(1.47, 2.89) pmol/L], moderate group [0.36(0.18, 0.64)nmol/L, 1.90(1.11, 2.31)pmol/L] to severe acidosis group [0.35(0.16, 0.54) nmol/L, 1.48(1.08, 1.89)pmol/L](T 3: Z=-3.44, P=0.001; Z=-3.97, P<0.001; Z=-5.63, P<0.001;FT 3: Z=-3.44, P=0.001; Z=-4.13, P<0.001; Z=-5.86, P<0.001). Compared to control group serum T 4 and FT 4 levels in moderate group [(47.34±29.89)nmol/L and 9.75(5.74,12.29)pmol/L] and severe group [(44.08±22.27)nmol/L and 8.82 (6.40, 9.89)pmol/L] were significantly decreased (T 4: t=3.66, t=5.01,all P<0.001; FT 4: Z=-3.40, P=0.001; Z=-5.73, P<0.001). The TSH level in severe acidosis group [0.63 (0.27, 1.33)mIU/L] was lower than that in the control group ( Z=-4.23, P<0.001). At the recovery stage the serum levels of T 3 [1.69 (1.22, 1.87)nmol/L,1.68 (1.24, 1.84)nmol/L,1.55(1.25, 1.86) nmol/L], FT 3 [5.27 (4.37, 5.76)pmol/L,4.32(4.17, 5.73)pmol/L,5.04(3.81, 5.79)pmol/L], T 4 [(87.41±18.40)nmol/L,(90.02±30.41)nmol/L,(97.34±30.10)nmol/L] and FT 4 [16.05(14.23, 17.71) pmol/L,15.26(14.40, 16.11)pmol/L,16.88(13.98, 18.89) pmol/L] in the mild, moderate and severe acidosis groups were higher than those in the control group (T 3: Z=-4.55, Z=-3.87, Z=-4.93,all P<0.001;FT 3: Z=-4.72, Z=-3.72, Z=-4.52,all P<0.001;T 4: t=-2.01, P=0.047; t=-2.15, P=0.034; t=-3.88, P<0.001;FT 4: Z=-2.21, P=0.027; Z=-0.84, P=0.399; Z=-2.67, P=0.008); while there was no significant difference in TSH levels [2.28(1.88, 3.16)mIU/L, 2.19(1.26, 3.57) mIU/L, 2.18(1.36, 3.09) mIU/L] between mild, moderate, severe acidosis groups and the control group (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Thyroid function in T1DM children complicated with ketoacidosis is decreased significantly with the aggravation of acidosis. After correction of ketoacidosis, the level of thyroid function can basically return to normal.
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Objective:To investigate the awareness and application of exercise prescription among general practice faculty in Taiyuan City, and to analyze the related factors.Methods:A questionnaire survey on the awareness and application of exercise prescriptions was conducted from July to September 2021 among general practice faculty in Taiyuan City selected by stratified random sampling method. The influencing factors of awareness and application were analyzed with logistic regression.Results:A total of 589 general practice faculty were enrolled in the study, 342 of whom were females (58.06%). The overall awareness rate of exercise prescription was 38.74% (1 369/3 534); the awareness rate of basic knowledge was 56.08% (991/1 767) and the awareness rate of core knowledge was 21.39% (378/1 767). Logistic analysis showed that specialty as general practitioner ( OR=1.66, 95% CI:1.07-2.57, P=0.024), experience of exercise prescriptions ( OR=2.07, 95% CI:1.37-3.12, P=0.001) and willingness of public promotion of exercise benefits ( OR=2.08, 95% CI:1.05-4.15, P=0.037) were factors related to higher awareness of exercise prescription. The survey showed that 231 responders (39.22%) had given patients exercise guidance, among whom 125 (54.11%) gave oral and specific practice guidance, 206 (89.18%) would ask patients to perform health screening before exercise, and 184 (79.65%) performed health fitness evaluation. The knowledge used for guidance was mostly from textbooks or related guidelines (42.42%, n=98), but none of them had prescribed standardized exercise prescriptions. Conclusions:The survey shows that the knowledge and application rate is relatively low among general practice faculty in Taiyuan City. It is necessary to strengthen the training of exercise prescription for them.
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Radiotherapy is an essential part of comprehensive treatment, as well as a radical treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC). The COVID-19 has continued so far, imposing a great impact on cancer care. Since conventional fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT, 2 Gy/F) requires as long as more than six weeks of treatment time, a huge challenge for epidemic control is created for both hospitals and patients. Hypofractionated radiotherapy (Hypo-RT) may be more suitable than CFRT for patients during pandemic by increasing the fraction size, thus reducing fraction number and treatment duration. Early studies have explored the application of Hypo-RT in HNC in palliative setting, which partially proved its safety and effectiveness. Recently, the efforts have been made in definitive treatment using hypofractionated regimen, as well as its combination with systemic treatment and immunotherapy. Indeed, regarding the pandemic of COVID-19, Hypo-RT has been recommended by several expert consensus in the HNC. In this review, relevant research progress was summarized and clinical implication of Hypo-RT in COVID-19 pandemic era was discussed.
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ObjectiveTo improve the current standard of Belladonnae Herba in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. MethodTaking hyoscyamine sulfate， atropine sulfate and scopoletin as reference substances， and ethyl acetate-methanol-concentrated ammonia（17∶4∶2）as developing solvent， thin layer chromatography （TLC） was applied in the qualitative identification of Belladonnae Herba. The moisture， total ash and ethanol-soluble extract of Belladonnae Herba were determined based on the general principles in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （volume Ⅳ）. The contents of hyoscyamine sulfate and scopolamine hydrobromide were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） with mobile phase of acetonitrile-54 mmol·L-1 phosphate buffer solution （14∶86）， flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1 and detection wavelength at 210 nm. ResultThe spots in the TLC were clear with good separation and specificity. Hyoscyamine sulfate and scopolamine hydrobromide showed a good linearity with peak area in the range of 0.024 7-0.789 6 g·L-1 （r=0.999 9） and 0.003 9-0.124 0 g·L-1 （r=0.999 9）， the average recoveries of these two ingredients were 100.29% （RSD 1.6%） and 99.04% （RSD 1.4%）， respectively. The limits for moisture， total ash in Belladonnae Herba should be less than 13.0% and the limit for the ethanol-soluble extract should be more than 10.0%. Due to the low content and wide variation of scopolamine hydrobromide， the content of hyoscyamine sulfate should not be less than 0.098%. ConclusionThe established method is simple， specific and reproducible， which can be used to improve the quality control standard of Belladonnae Herba.
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ObjectiveTo determine the chemical constituents of burdock （Arctium lappa） leaves， and elucidate dynamic accumulation rule of four main components， in order to provide the basis for determining the suitable harvest time of burdock leaves. MethodSilica gel， macroporous resin， Sephadex LH-20， octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica （ODS）， microporous resin （MCI） column chromatography and reversed-phase preparative high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） were used to isolate the main chemical constituents in burdock leaves. Their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques. HPLC-diode array detector （DAD） was used to analyze the dynamic accumulation of four components in burdock leaf. HPLC-DAD was performed on a Shim-pack GIST C18 column （4.6 mm×250 mm， 5 μm） with mobile phase of acetonitrile （A）-0.3% phosphoric acid aqueous solution （B） （0-9 min， 13%A； 9-10 min， 13%-24%A； 10-30 min， 24%A）， flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1， column temperature of 40 ℃， and detection wavelength at 328 nm. ResultSeventeen compounds were isolated from burdock leaves， and identified as caffeic acid （1）， rutin （2）， kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside （3）， quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （4）， kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （5）， chlorogenic acid （6）， isochlorogenic acid A （7）， daucosterol （8）， ursolic acid （9）， anemarrhenoside B （10）， （-）-secoisolariciresinol （11）， vladinol D （12）， melitensin （13）， esculetin （14）， 1-（-2-ethylphenyl）-1，2-ethanediol （15）， 1-（-4-ethylphenyl）-1，2-ethanediol （16）， 3-hydroxy-1-（4-hydroxy-3，5-dimethoxyphenyl）-1-propanone （17）. The contents of chlorogenic acid， rutin and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside in burdock leaves showed an upward trend from April to August， and reached the highest in August. And the content of isochlorogenic acid A firstly increased and then decreased from April to August， and reached the highest in July. ConclusionCompounds 10， 12-17 were isolated from Arctium for the first time. Taking the contents of chlorogenic acid， rutin， kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside， and isochlorogenic acid A as indicators， considering the comprehensive development and utilization of burdock roots and leaves， it is recommended to harvest burdock leaves in mid-August.
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Exosomes are lipid bilayer membranous vesicles actively secreted by various cells in the organism， which are like nanoparticles and have messenger targeting. Combining with the theory of supramolecular "Qi chromatography" of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， research ideas and strategies of modernization of TCM can be constructed. Exosomes are secreted by cells， and the membrane contains nucleic acids， proteins， lipids and small molecular metabolites and others， which can accurately coordinate the functions of each cell， concentrate and transmit the functional information of the parent cell， and is the concise form of reflecting cell functions. At the same time， it is loaded with the "imprinted templates" of the supramolecular "Qi chromatography" theory of TCM. If the "imprinted templates" carrying rules among the gene-protein-lipid-small molecules wrapped in it is studied， the modern experimental research ideas and strategies of TCM theory can be established for revealing the functions of the body's meridians and viscera. Firstly， the present situation of exosomes， including discovery， secretion， characteristics， functions， attribution， uptake， research methods and application status， were reviewed in this paper. And the natural properties of its precise messenger targeted delivery vehicle were elaborated， reflecting the operation law of microscopic substances in meridians and viscera. Secondly， to explore it as an important carrier of the concentrated "imprinted templates" of the supramolecular "Qi chromatography" theory of TCM， and integrating the research methods of exosomes and supramolecular chemistry of TCM， this paper proposes experimental research ideas and strategies on the microscopic material basis of meridians and viscera， compatibility of TCM compound， and targeting of TCM targeted preparations.
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Two compounds were isolated from 95% ethanol extract of the gum resin of Boswellia carterii by silica gel column chromatography (CC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their structures were identified with IR, UV, NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectroscopic data as 7α-hydroxy-3,11-dioxo- tirucalla-8,24-dien-21-oic acid (1) and 21β-hydroxy-3-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (2). In addition, their absolute configurations were also identified by ECD calculations. Among them, compound 1 is a new compound and the absolute configuration of compound 2 is confirmed by ECD calculation for the first time.
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A new iridoid glycoside, cornushmf A(1) and nine known iridoids(2-10) were isolated from the water extract of the wine-processed Corni Fructus by various column chromatographies. Their chemical structures were identified by comprehensive spectroscopic methods as 7β-O-(2″-formylfuran-5″-methylene)-morroniside(1), 7-dehydrologanin(2), sweroside(3), 7β-O-methylmorroniside(4), 7α-O-methylmorroniside(5), 7β-O-ethylmorroniside(6), 7α-O-ethylmorroniside(7), cornuside(8), sarracenin(9), and loganin(10).
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Cornus/chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Iridoids , WineABSTRACT
Resistance exercise plays an important role in management of cardiovascular disease and blood sugar control;and in improvement of skeletal muscle health and old-age debility. The purpose of this review is to summarize the preventive and therapeutic effects of resistance exercise on various chronic diseases, to improve the knowledge and awareness of the general practitioners for comprehensive understanding of the role of resistance exercise and to provide exercise guidance for patients with chronic diseases.
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In recent years, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus has being rising, and diabetes and its complications seriously affect the quality of life and life expectancy of patients. Studies have shown that exercise prescription is one of the effective methods to improve insulin sensitivity, improve oxidative stress, adjust glucose metabolism, and improve the quality of life in diabetic patients. The exercise prescription is part of measures for diabetic patient management in both domestic and foreign guidelines. Doctors in primary care need to learn and master exercise prescriptions, so they can better cultivate patient awareness of self-health management and guide patients to exercise rationally. The diabetes can be effectively intervened through standardized and organized exercise methods, which will reduce the medication and prevent complications of diabetic patients, and alleviate the medical burden both for patients and the society.
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Objective The experiment project was designed to explore the variation of NaI (Tl) gamma spectrometer channels with environmental temperature. 60Co and 152Eu were used to verify the reliability of the correction methods. Methods Two correction methods were applicated, which were curve fitting correction method and known measurement peak correction method. Results The experimental results showed that temperature changes had an effect on NaI (Tl) measured spectra peak. The relative peak will shift to the right at 5℃ by 9.6%, and to the left at 60℃ by 16%, with the reference temperature set at 25℃. The two methods are based on the channel change due to temperature changes, and they could effectively correct the temperature peak-drift. Conclusion In order to make the measured spectrum information accurate and reliable in field monitoring, it is suggested to monitor the environmental temperature so as to correct the measured data.
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Reverse prediction and molecular docking techniques were employed to evaluate the feasibility of reniformin A(RA) as an anti-tumor leading compound. Based on the reverse prediction, network pharmacology was used to construct a "disease-compound-target-pathway" network. Thirty-nine tumor-related targets of RA were predicted, which participated in the regulation of multiple cellular activities such as apoptosis, cell cycle, and tumor metastasis, and regulated estrogen signal transduction and inflammatory response. Discovery Studio 2020 was adopted for molecular docking and toxicity prediction(TOPKAT). As revealed by the results, the binding affinity of RA with the tumor-related targets ABL1, ESR1, SRC and BCL-XL was stronger than that of oridonin(OD), while its mutagenicity, rodent carcinogenesis, and oral LD_(50) in rats were all inferior to that of OD. Furthermore, in vitro experiments were performed to confirm the anti-tumor activity of RA, and the mechanism was preliminarily discussed. The results demonstrated that RA was superior to OD in cytotoxicity, inhibition of cell colony formation, and induction of apoptosis. RA, possessing potent anti-tumor activity, is expected to be a new anti-tumor leading compound.